HomeMy WebLinkAboutRenewable Energy Ordinance - 11-23-2021
THE RENEWABLE ENERGY ORDINANCE
of
OTTER TAIL COUNTY
Adopted November 23, 2021
EFFECTIVE DATE: December 1, 2021
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 1 -
OTTER TAIL COUNTY RENEWABLE ENERGY ORDINANCE
Contents
SECTION 1. TITLE, PURPOSE, AND INTENT ................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 1. Title: ........................................................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 2. Purpose: .................................................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 3. Statutory Authorization: ........................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 4. Legal Authority/Jurisdiction: ..................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 5. Compliance: ............................................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 6. Interpretation: ........................................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 7. Savings Clause/Severability: ...................................................................................................... - 3 -
Subp. 8. Abrogation and Greater Restrictions: ....................................................................................... - 4 -
Subp. 9. Owner Liable: ............................................................................................................................ - 4 -
Subp. 10. Right to Access: ......................................................................................................................... - 4 -
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................................................. - 4 -
SECTION 3. ADMINISTRATION ...................................................................................................................... - 7 -
Subp. 1. Permits Required for WECS ....................................................................................................... - 7 -
Subp. 2. Permitted and Conditional Uses for Wind Energy Conversion Systems ................................... - 7 -
Subp. 3. Permit Application for WECS ..................................................................................................... - 7 -
Subp. 4. Permits Required for Solar Energy Systems .............................................................................. - 9 -
Subp. 5. Permitted and Conditional Uses for Solar Energy Systems ...................................................... - 9 -
Subp. 6. Permit Application for Solar Energy Systems ............................................................................ - 9 -
Subp. 7. Permitting Requirements for Other Forms of Renewable Energy .......................................... - 10 -
SECTION 4. WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS GENERAL STANDARDS .............................................. - 11 -
Subp. 1. Setbacks ................................................................................................................................... - 11 -
Subp. 2. Additional Setback Requirements for WECS ........................................................................... - 11 -
Subp. 3. WECS Safety Design Standards: .............................................................................................. - 12 -
Subp. 4. WECS Height Standards: ......................................................................................................... - 12 -
Subp. 5. WECS Tower Configuration Standards .................................................................................... - 12 -
SECTION 5 SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS GENERAL STANDARDS.................................................................... - 12 -
Subp. 1. Standards for Large Solar Energy Systems .............................................................................. - 12 -
Subp. 2. Standards for Solar Energy Systems, Accessory ...................................................................... - 13 -
SECTION 6 GENERAL REGULATIONS.......................................................................................................... - 14 -
Subp. 1. Other Applicable Standards .................................................................................................... - 14 -
SECTION 7 ABANDONMENT AND DECOMMISSIONING ............................................................................ - 14 -
SECTION 8 REPOWERING .......................................................................................................................... - 15 -
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 2 -
SECTION 9 INTERFERENCE ......................................................................................................................... - 15 -
SECTION 10 AVOIDANCE AND MITIGATION OF DAMAGES TO PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE ........................ - 15 -
Subp. 1. Roads — The applicants shall: ................................................................................................. - 15 -
SECTION 11 PRE-CONSTRUCTION MEETING ............................................................................................... - 15 -
SECTION 12 ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM...................................................................................................... - 16 -
SECTION 13 ENFORCEMENT, VIOLATIONS, REMEDIES AND PENALTIES ..................................................... - 16 -
SECTION 14 FEES ......................................................................................................................................... - 16 -
SECTION 15 REPEAL ..................................................................................................................................... - 16 -
SECTION 16 EFFECTIVE DATE ...................................................................................................................... - 16 -
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 3 -
SECTION 1. TITLE, PURPOSE, AND INTENT
Title:
This ordinance from the date of its passage shall be known as the Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County,
Minnesota.
Purpose:
This Ordinance is established to set forth processes for permitting Renewable Energy from eligible energy technology as
described in Minnesota Statute §216B.1691, or successor statutes to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of
the citizens of Otter Tail County, and shall include, but not limited to, the following:
• Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) with a rated capacity of less than 25,000 kilowatts (kW) or twenty-five (25)
megawatts (MW), and the regulate the installation and operation of WECS within Otter Tail County not otherwise
subject to siting and oversight by the State of Minnesota pursuant to Minnesota Statute §216F, or successor statutes.
• Large and small Solar Energy Systems, and to regulate the installation and operation of a Solar Energy System within
Otter Tail County pursuant to Minnesota Statute §216C.25,500.30, or successor statutes, and Minnesota Rules,
Chapter 1325.1100, as amended.
• Renewable energy by definition includes an energy recovery facility used to capture the heat value of mixed municipal
solid waste or refuse-derived fuel from mixed municipal solid waste as a primary fuel, hereafter referred to as Waste-
to-Energy. The status of Waste to Energy in Otter Tail County as a renewable energy shall survive any changes to
Minnesota Statute §216B.1691. Permitting of Waste-to-Energy activities is exempt from this ordinance. This activity
is regulated by the Solid Waste Management Ordinance.
Statutory Authorization:
This Ordinance is adopted pursuant to the authorization and policies contained in Minnesota Statute 394 and 216F.
Legal Authority/Jurisdiction:
The provisions of this Ordinance shall apply to the unincorporated areas of Otter Tail County lying outside the incorporated
areas of a City.
Compliance:
The use of any land for wind energy development shall be in full compliance with the terms of this Ordinance and any other
applicable regulations.
Interpretation:
In their interpretation and application, the provisions of the Ordinance shall be held to be the minimum requirements and
shall be liberally construed in favor of the governing body and shall not be deemed a limitation or repeal of any other powers
granted by Minnesota Statutes.
Savings Clause/Severability:
All permits issued under this Ordinance are permissive only and shall not release the permittee from any liability or
obligation imposed by Minnesota Statutes, Federal Law, or local Ordinances relating thereto. In the event any section,
clause, portion or provision of this Ordinance shall be found contrary to law by a court of competent jurisdiction from whose
final judgment no appeal has been taken, such provision shall be considered void. All other provisions of this Ordinance
shall continue in full force and effect as though the voided provision had never existed.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 4 -
Abrogation and Greater Restrictions:
It is not intended by this Ordinance to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing easements, covenants, or deed restrictions.
However, where this ordinance imposes greater restrictions, the provisions of this Ordinance shall prevail.
Owner Liable:
In addition to any other person or persons involved in a violation or threatened violation of this Ordinance, the owner of
record of any property falling under the jurisdiction of this ordinance shall be responsible both criminally and civilly for any
construction, alteration, excavation, decommissioning, or any other activity occurring upon his property which is contrary
to the provisions of this Ordinance.
Right to Access:
All employees of the Otter Tail County Land and Resource Management Office, members of the County Board of
Commissioners, Planning Commission and Board of Adjustment, in the performance of their duties, shall have free access
on all land included within the jurisdiction of this Ordinance.
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS
Subp. 1. Aggregated Project. “Aggregated projects” means those which are developed and operated in a coordinated
fashion, but which have multiple entities separately owning one or more of the individual WECS within the larger
project. Associated infrastructure such as power lines and transformers that service the facility may be owned by
a separate entity but are also included as part of the aggregated project.
Subp. 2. Aircraft Detection Lighting Systems (ADLS). “Aircraft Detection Lighting System (ADLS)” means sensor based
systems designed to detect aircraft as they approach an obstruction or group of obstructions; these systems
automatically activate the appropriate obstruction lights until they are no longer needed by the aircraft. This
technology reduces the impact of nighttime lighting on nearby communities and migratory birds and extends the
life expectancy of obstruction lights.
Subp. 3. Array. “Array” means any number of solar photovoltaic modules or collectors connected together to provide a
single electrical output.
Subp. 4. C-BED (Community Based Energy Development) Project. “C-BED (Community Based Energy Development)
Project” means, based on the total name plate generating capacity, C-BED Projects are considered to be: (1)
Micro-WECS; (2) Non-Commercial WECS; or, (3) Commercial WECS as defined in this Ordinance.
Subp. 5. Commercial WECS. A WECS equal to or greater than 100 kW in total name plate generating capacity or
200 feet in total height.
Subp. 6. Decommissioning Plan. “Decommissioning Plan” means the planned and orderly removal of the physical
components of a renewable energy system and all accessory facilities, and restoration of the site.
Subp. 7. DNR. “DNR” means the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
Subp. 8. Eligible Energy Technology. “Eligible Energy Technology” means as defined by Minnesota Statute §216B.1691.
Subp. 9. Energy Storage Systems. “Energy Storage Systems” means mechanisms(s) to contain useful energy which can
then be used at some time later in the future. Acceptable methods and technologies used to store various forms
of energy include, but are not limited to, batteries (lithium ion, lead acid, lithium iron, or other battery
technologies), flow batteries, flywheels, compressed air, pumped hydropower, and thermal.
Subp. 10. FAA. “FAA” means the Federal Aviation Administration.
Subp. 11. Fall Zone. “Fall Zone” means the area, defined as the furthest distance from the tower base, in which a guyed
tower will collapse in the event of a structural failure.
Subp. 12. Feeder Line. “Feeder Line” means any power line that carries electrical power from one or more wind turbines
or individual transformers associated with individual wind turbines to the point of interconnection with the
electric power grid, in the case of interconnection with the high voltage transmission systems the point of
interconnection shall be the substations serving the WECS.
Subp. 13. Flicker. “Flicker” means the moving shadow cast by the rotating blades of a WECS, or any intermittent, repetitive,
or rhythmic lighting effect that is a direct result of rotating WECS blades.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 5 -
Subp. 14. Generator Nameplate Capacity. “Generator Nameplate Capacity” means the maximum rated output of electrical
power production of a generator under specific conditions designated by the manufacturer with a nameplate
physically attached to the generator.
Subp. 15. High-Voltage Transmission Line. “High Voltage Transmission Line” means a conductor of electric energy and
associated facilities designed for and capable of operation at a nominal voltage of one hundred (100) kilovolts or
more and is greater than 1,500 feet in length.
Subp. 16. Hub Height. “Hub Height” means the distance from the ground to the center axis of the turbine rotor.
Subp. 17. Meteorological Tower (MET). “Meteorological Tower (MET) means, for the purposes of this Ordinance,
Meteorological Towers are those towers which are erected primarily to measure wind speed and directions plus
other data relevant to siting WECS. Meteorological Towers do not include towers and equipment used by airports,
the Minnesota Department of Transportation, or other similar applications to monitor weather conditions.
Subp. 18. Micro-WECS. “Micro-WECS” means a WECS of 1 kW nameplate generating capacity or less and utilizing
supporting towers of 40 feet or less, or a WECS which is less than one hundred (100) feet in total height.
Subp. 19. Nameplate Capacity. “Nameplate Capacity” means the total maximum rated output of a solar energy system.
Subp. 20. Native Prairie Plan. “Native Prairie Plan” means a plan that shall address steps to be taken to identify native
prairie within the project area, measures to avoid impacts to native prairie, including foundations, access roads,
underground cable and transformers, shall not be placed in native prairie unless addressed in the prairie
protection and management plan.
Subp. 21. Non-Commercial WECS. “Non-Commercial WECS” means A WECS of less than 100 kW in total name plate
generating Capacity equal to or greater than one hundred (100) feet in total height, but less than two hundred
(200) feet in height.
Subp. 22. Photovoltaic Meter. “Photovoltaic Meter” means a meter used for the planning and maintenance of solar energy
systems to identify the best location and to check modules for efficiency.
Subp. 23. Power Purchase Agreement. “Power Purchase Agreement” means a legally enforceable agreement between two
or more persons where one or more of the signatories agrees to provide electrical power and one or more of the
signatories agrees to purchase the power.
Subp. 24. Property Boundary/Property Line. “Property Boundary/Property Line” means the boundary line of the area over
which the entity applying for a WECS permit has legal control for the purposes of installation of a WECS. This
control may be attained through fee title ownership, easement, or other appropriate contractual relationship
between the project developer and landowner.
Subp. 25. Public Conservation Lands “Public Conservation Lands” means land owned in fee title by State or Federal
agencies and managed specifically for conservation purposes, including but not limited to State Wildlife
Management Areas, State Parks, State Scientific and Natural Areas, Federal Wildlife Refuges and Waterfowl
Production Areas. For the purposes of this section public conservation lands will also include lands owned in fee
title by non-profit conservation organizations. Public conservation lands do not include private lands upon which
conservation easements have been sold to public agencies or non-profit conservation organizations.
Subp. 26. Renewable Energy System. “Renewable Energy System” means a collection of energy from sources that are not
easily depleted such as moving water (hydro, tidal and wave power), biomass, geothermal energy, solar energy,
wind energy, and energy from solid waste treatment plants.
Subp. 27. Repowering. “Repowering” means rebuilding a renewable energy system on a previously impacted site,
preserving the existing compatible land uses.
Subp. 28. Repowering, Full. “Repowering, Full” means a full decommissioning and repowering of a renewable energy
system on a previously impacted site.
Subp. 29. Repowering, Partial. “Repowering, Partial” means a partial rebuilding of a renewable energy system where
existing components are retrofitted or replaced to improve efficiency and extend the life of the system (e.g.,
replacing, refurbishing or retrofitting turbines, blades, gearboxes, generators, switchgears, panels, etc.)
Subp. 30. Rotor Diameter “Rotor Diameter” means the diameter of the circle described by the moving rotor blades.
Subp. 31. Solar Collector. “Solar Collector” means a device, structure, or part of a device or structure for which the primary
purpose is to transform solar radiant energy into thermal, mechanical, chemical, or electrical energy.
Subp. 32. Solar Energy. “Solar Energy” means radiant energy received from the sun that can be collected in the form of
heat or light by a solar collector.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 6 -
Subp. 33. Solar Energy Device. “Solar Energy Device” means a system or series of mechanisms designed primarily to provide
heating, cooling, electrical power, mechanical power, solar daylighting or to provide any combination of the
foregoing by means of collecting and transferring solar generated energy into such uses either by active or passive
means. Said systems may also have the capacity to store energy for future utilization. Passive solar energy
systems shall clearly be designed as a solar energy device, which as a trombe wall, and not merely part of a normal
structure, such as a window.
Subp. 34. Solar Energy Easement. “Solar Energy Easement” means a set of devices and associated facilities, including energy
storage systems, whose primary purpose is to collect solar energy and convert and store it for useful purposes
including heating and cooling buildings or other energy-using processes, or to produce generated power by means
of any combination of collecting, transferring, or converting solar-generated energy.
Subp. 35. Solar Energy System, Accessory Use. “Solar Energy System, Accessory Use” means a solar energy system that is
secondary to the primary use of the parcel on which it is located, and which is directly connected to or designed
to serve the energy needs of the primary use. Excess power may be sold to a power company.
Subp. 36. Solar Energy System, Active. “Solar Energy System, Active” means a solar energy system whose primary purpose
is to harvest energy by transforming solar energy into another form of energy or transferring heat from a collector
to another medium using mechanical, electrical, or chemical means.
Subp. 37. Solar Energy System, Grid-Intertie. “Solar Energy System, Grid-Intertie” means a photovoltaic solar energy system
that is connected to an electric circuit served by an electric utility company.
Subp. 38. Solar Energy System, Ground Mounted. “Solar Energy System, Ground Mounted” means a solar collector(s)
located on the surface of the ground. The collector(s) may or may not be physically affixed or attached to the
ground. Ground-mounted systems include pole-mounted systems.
Subp. 39. Solar Energy System, Large. “Solar Energy System, Large” means a solar energy system with a nameplate capacity
of forty (40) kilowatts or more.
Subp. 40. Solar Energy System, Off-Grid. “Solar Energy System, Off-Grid” means a photovoltaic solar energy system in which
the circuits energized by the solar energy system are not electrically connected in any way to electric circuits that
are served by an electric utility company.
Subp. 41. Solar Energy System, Passive. “Solar Energy System, Passive” means a solar energy system that captures solar
light or heat without transforming it to another form of energy or transferring the heat via a heat exchanger.
Subp. 42. Solar Energy System, Primary Use. “Solar Energy System, Primary Use” means a solar energy system which is the
primary land use for the parcel on which it is located, and which generates power for sale to a power company,
or other off-premise customer.
Subp. 43. Solar Energy System, Roof-Mounted. “Solar Energy System, Roof-Mounted” means a solar collector(s) located on
the roof of a building or structure. The collector(s) may or may not be physically affixed or attached to the roof.
Subp. 44. Solar Energy System, Small. “Solar Energy System, Small” means a solar energy system with a nameplate capacity
of less than forty (40) kilowatts.
Subp. 45. Solar Energy System, Wall-Mounted. “Solar Energy System, Wall-Mounted” means a solar collector(s) located on
the wall of a building or structure.
Subp. 46. Substation. “Substation” means any electrical facility containing power conversion equipment designed for
interconnection with power lines.
Subp. 47. Total Height. “Total Height” means the distance between the ground level at the base of the structure and its
tallest vertical extension including any attachment thereon.
Subp. 48. Total Nameplate Capacity. “Total Nameplate Capacity” means the total of the maximum rated output of the
electrical power production equipment for a WECS project.
Subp. 49. Tower, Renewable Energy. “Tower, Renewable Energy” means vertical structures that support the electrical
generator, rotor blades, or meteorological equipment.
Subp. 50. Tower Height. “Tower Height” means the total height of the WECS exclusive of the rotor blades.
Subp. 51. Tracking Solar Systems. “Tracking Solar Systems” means a solar system that follows the path of the sun during
the day to maximize the solar radiation it receives.
Subp. 52. Transmission Line. “Transmission Lines” means those electrical power lines that carry voltages of at least 41,600
volts (41.6 kV) and are primarily used to carry electric energy over medium to long distances rather than directly
interconnecting and supplying electric energy to retail customers.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 7 -
Subp. 53. Wind Easement. “Wind Easement” means a right, whether or not stated in the form of a restriction, easement,
covenant, or condition, in any deed, will, or other instrument executed by or on behalf of any owner of land or air
space for the purpose of ensuring adequate exposure of a wind power system to the winds. Required contents
of a Wind Easement are defined in Minnesota Statute, Section 500.30, or successor statutes.
Subp. 54. Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS. “Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) means an electrical generating
facility comprised of one or more wind turbines and accessory facilities, including but not limited to: power lines,
transformers, and substations that operate by converting the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy, and
MET. The energy maybe used on-site or distributed into the electrical grid.
Subp. 55. Wind Turbine. “Wind Turbine” means a wind turbine is any piece of electrical generating equipment that
converts the kinetic energy of blowing wind into electrical energy through the use of airfoils or similar devices to
capture the wind.
Subp. 56. Windmill, Functional. “Windmill, Functional” means a structure utilizing wind power for the pumping of water for
agricultural use on the parcel of property on which the windmill is located.
Subp. 57. Windmill, Ornamental. “Windmill, Ornamental” means a non-functional windmill used for decoration.
SECTION 3. ADMINISTRATION
Permits Required for WECS
A. The following wind energy conversion systems require a structure permit from the county:
1) Micro wind energy conversion systems;
2) Non-commercial wind energy conversions systems; and,
3) Meteorological towers;
B. The following wind energy conversion systems require a conditional use permit from the county:
1) Commercial wind energy conversion systems;
C. The following wind energy conversion systems are exempt from the provisions of this ordinance:
1) Functional and ornamental windmills
Permitted and Conditional Uses for Wind Energy Conversion Systems
District Micro WECS Non-Commercial <100
kW
Commercial ≥ 100
kW
Meteorological
Tower
Shoreland P P N P
Non-Shoreland P P C P
P – Permitted Use C – Conditional Use N – Prohibited Use
Permit Application for WECS
Permits, Conditional Use Permits and Variances shall be applied for and reviewed under the appropriate procedures
established within the County's Shoreland Management Ordinance and Minnesota Statute 394, or successor statutes,
except where noted below. An application under this section is not complete unless it contains the following:
A. If required, a letter from the State Agency responsible for size determination of a project, pursuant to Minnesota
Statute §216F.011, or successor statutes;
B. The name(s) and address(es) of project applicant(s);
C. The name(s) and address(es) of the project owner(s);
D. The legal description(s), parcel number(s), and E-911 address(es) of the project;
E. A description of the project including: number, type, name plate generating capacity, tower height, rotor diameter,
and total height of all wind turbines and means of interconnecting with the electrical grid (written confirmation
from the affected electrical utility company required);
F. Site layout, including the location of project area boundaries (wind rights purchased, leased, or acquired by
easement), property lines, roads, wind turbines, electrical wires, interconnection points with the electrical grid, and
all related accessory structures. The site layout shall include distances and be drawn to scale;
G. Detailed Decommissioning Plan according to Section 7 of this ordinance;
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 8 -
H. Documentation of land ownership or legal control of the property within a project boundary and current land use
on the site and surrounding area;
I. Signed copy of the Power Purchase Agreement or documentation that the power will be utilized on-site;
J. The latitude and longitude of all individual wind turbines and Meteorological towers;
K. A USGS topographical map, or map with similar data, of the property and surrounding area, including any other WECS
within ten (10) rotor diameters of the proposed WECS;
L. Location of wetlands, scenic, and natural areas, including bluffs, within 1,320 feet of the proposed WECS;
M. Copies of all permits or documentation that indicates compliance with all other applicable State and Federal
Regulatory Standards, including, but not limited to:
1) Uniform Building Code, as amended;
2) National Electric Code, as amended;
3) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), as amended;
4) Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA)/Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as amended;
5) Microwave Beam Path Study;
6) Preliminary Acoustical Analysis;
7) Noise Abatement Mitigation Plan;
8) Flicker Analysis;
9) Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Minnesota Rules, Chapter 7030, Noise Standards, as amended;
10) Wake Loss Study, if proposed boundary is within a one (1) mile radius of another WECS project boundary;
N. Location of all known communications towers and microwave beam paths within a five (5) mile radius of the
proposed WECS;
O. Additional information stated in Minnesota Rules, part 7854.0500 (subpart 1), as amended;
P. Identification of all potential haul routes to be utilized for material transportation and construction activities including
state, federal, county, township or private roads within the County. Must provide written documentation prior to
construction commencement that all haul routes have been approved by each of the road authorities with
jurisdiction through a signed Road Use Agreement and a Developer Agreement;
Q. Locations and site plans for all temporary, non-residential construction sites and staging areas;
R. Additional information, that due to the unique nature or characteristics of the specific project, the County deems
necessary or desirable to properly process the application.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 9 -
Permits Required for Solar Energy Systems
A. The following solar energy systems require a structure permit from the county:
1) A ground mounted small solar energy systems in the Shoreland District.
2) A roof mounted small solar energy systems in the Shoreland District.
a. The addition of a roof mounted solar energy system on a non-conforming structure in the Shoreland
District is considered an improvement, and does not require a variance as an expansion of the
structure.
B. The following solar energy systems require a conditional use permit from the county:
1) A large solar energy system.
C. The following solar energy systems are exempt from the provisions of this ordinance:
1) Wall mounted solar energy systems that are an accessory use to the property.
2) A small solar energy system outside of the Shoreland District.
3) Any solar energy system under 1 kW.
Permitted and Conditional Uses for Solar Energy Systems
District Small Solar
Accessory Use
<40kw
Small Solar
Primary Use
<40kw
Large Solar
≥40kw
Shoreland P P C
Non-Shoreland P P C
P – Permitted Use C – Conditional Use N – Prohibited Use
Permit Application for Solar Energy Systems
Permits, Conditional Use Permits and Variances shall be applied for and reviewed under the appropriate procedures
established within the County's Shoreland Management Ordinance and Minnesota Statute 394, or successor statutes,
except where noted below. An application under this section is not complete unless it contains the following:
A. The name(s) and address(es) of project applicant(s);
B. The name(s) and address(es) of the project owner(s);
C. The legal description(s), parcel number(s), and E-911 address(es) of the project;
D. A site plan of existing conditions showing the following:
1) Existing property lines and property lines extending one hundred (100) feet from the current exterior boundaries,
including names of the adjacent property owners and current use of those properties;
2) Existing public and private roads, showing widths of the roads and any associated easements;
3) Location and size of any abandoned wells, sewage treatment systems and dumps;
4) Existing buildings and any imperious surface;
5) Topography at two (2) foot intervals and source of contour elevation data. A contour map of the surrounding
properties may also be required;
6) Existing vegetation (list type and percent of coverage; i.e. grassland, plowed field, wooded areas, etc.);
7) Waterways, watercourses, public waters and wetlands;
8) Delineated wetland boundaries;
9) Mapped soils according to the Web Soil Survey (Natural Resource Conservation Service);
10) Surface water drainage patterns;
E. Site Plan of Proposed Conditions showing the following:
1) Location and spacing of solar collectors;
2) Location of access roads;
3) Planned location of underground or overhead electric lines connecting the system to the building, substation or
other electric load;
4) New electrical equipment other than at the existing building or substation that is the connection point for the
system;
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 10 -
5) Proposed erosion and sediment control measures;
6) Proposed stormwater management measures;
7) Sketch elevation of the premises accurately depicting the proposed solar energy system and its relationship to
any building or structures on adjacent lots;
8) Location of energy storage system, if any;
F. Manufacturer’s specifications and recommended installation methods representative of all major equipment,
including solar collectors, mounting systems and foundations for poles or racks;
G. The number of collectors to be installed;
H. A description of the method of connecting the system to a building or substation;
I. A signed copy of the interconnection agreement with the local electric utility, a draft of the interconnection
agreement with the local utility that must be signed and submitted prior to construction commencement, or a
written explanation outlining why an interconnection agreement is not necessary;
J. Additional information, that due to the unique nature or characteristics of the specific project, the County deems
necessary or desirable to properly process the application.
Permitting Requirements for Other Forms of Renewable Energy
All other forms of renewable energy sources described in Mn Statute 216B.1691, except for waste-to-energy systems,
require a conditional use permit.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 11 -
SECTION 4. WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS GENERAL STANDARDS
Setbacks
All towers shall adhere to the setbacks established in the following table and subject to the provisions of this section.
Setbacks Micro WECS Non-Commercial
<100 kW
Commercial ≥ 100
kW
Meteorological
Tower
Property
Boundary/Property
Lines
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
3 RD east-west axis
and 5 RD north-
south axis
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Dwelling(s), other
than the project
owners
1.1 times total
height
500 feet and
sufficient distance to
meet state noise
standards
1000 feet and
sufficient distance to
meet state noise
standards
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Noise Standard
Minnesota Rules,
Chapter 7030, as
amended
Minnesota Rules,
Chapter 7030, as
amended
Minnesota Rules,
Chapter 7030, as
amended
NA
Road Right-of-Way 1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Other Rights-of-Way
(recreational trails,
power line
easements, etc.)
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Public Conservation
Lands
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
3 RD east-west axis
and 5 RD north-
south axis
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Wetlands, USFW
Type III, IV and V,
greater than 10 acres
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
3 RD east-west axis
and 5 RD north-
south axis
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Other Structures 1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height
1.1 times total
height, minimum
250 feet
Other existing WECS
and Internal Turbine
spacing
NA
3 RD east-west axis
and 5 RD north-
south axis
3 RD east-west axis
and 5 RD north-
south axis
NA
Additional Setback Requirements for WECS
A. Native Prairie – WECS and associated facilities shall not be placed in native prairie unless approved in native prairie
protection plan. Native prairie protection plan shall be submitted if native prairie is present. The permittee shall,
with the advice of the DNR or the appropriate SWCD office, prepare a prairie protection and management plan and
submit it to the Land and Resource Management Director and DNR Commissioner sixty (60) days prior to the start
of construction.
B. Sand and Gravel Operations – WECS and associated facilities shall be prohibited in active sand and gravel operations.
C. Aviation (public and private airports) – No WECS or associated facilities shall be located to create an obstruction to
navigable airspaces of public and private airports in Otter Tail County. Setbacks or other limitations determined in
accordance with MnDOT Department of Aviation and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requirements.
D. The setback for dwellings, schools, places of worship, health care facilities, and campgrounds shall be reciprocal
other than those owned by the project owner.
E. All guy wires must meet the setbacks listed above.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 12 -
WECS Safety Design Standards:
A. Engineering Certification — For all WECS, the manufacture’s engineer or another qualified engineer shall certify that
the turbine, foundation and tower design of the WECS is within accepted professional standards, given local soil
and climate conditions.
B. Clearance — At all times, rotor blades or airfoils must maintain at least thirty (30) feet of clearance between their
lowest point and the ground surface. Micro-WECS systems are exempt from this requirement and must comply
with the clearance per the manufacturer’s recommendations.
C. Warnings
1) For all WECS, a sign or signs shall be posted on the tower, transformer and substation warning of high voltage.
Signs with emergency contact information shall also be posted on the turbine or at another suitable point.
2) For all guyed towers, visible and reflective objects, such as plastic sleeves, reflectors, or tape, shall be placed on
the guy wire anchor points and along the outer innermost guy wires up to a height of eight (8) feet above the
ground surface. Four marker balls shall be placed sixteen (16) feet above grade and at fifty (50) foot intervals
along the guy wires from the ground surface. Visible, anti-climbing fencing shall be installed around anchor
points of guy wires and the tower base.
3) All WECS and Meteorological towers more than one-hundred (100) feet in overall height shall be required to have
safety lighting.
WECS Height Standards:
A. Total Height — Non-Commercial WECS shall have a total height of less than 200 feet.
WECS Tower Configuration Standards
A. All WECS must use self-supporting towers. The base for such towers shall be designed to anchor and support the
tower for the site and shall be guarded against unauthorized climbing. The first twelve (12) feet of the tower shall
be unclimbable by design or be enclosed by a six (6) foot high unclimbable fence with a secured access.
B. Meteorological towers may be guyed.
C. Color and Finish — All wind turbines and towers that are part of a WECS shall be white, grey or another non-obtrusive
color. Blades may be black in order to facilitate deicing. Finishes shall be matt or non-reflective.
D. Lighting — Lighting, including lighting intensity and frequency of strobe, shall adhere to but not exceed
requirements established by Federal Aviation Administration permits and regulations. Red strobe lights are
preferred for night-time illumination to reduce impacts on migrating birds. Red pulsating incandescent lights should
be avoided. Aircraft Detection Lighting Systems may be used in accordance with FAA regulations.
SECTION 5 SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS GENERAL STANDARDS
All Solar Energy Systems shall adhere to requirements and standards of this section and are also subject to the General
Regulations in Section 6 of this ordinance.
Standards for Large Solar Energy Systems
A. Solar energy systems that have a nameplate capacity of 40kw or greater and or solar energy systems that are the
primary land use for the parcel on which the system is located and are distinguished from solar systems that are a
secondary or accessory use. Solar energy systems are composed of multiple solar collectors on multiple mounting
systems (poles or racks), and generally have a Direct Current (DC) rated capacity greater than one hundred (100)
kilowatts.
B. All components of a large solar energy system, including converters and inverters, but not including roads, collector
lines and fencing, must meet be located a minimum of 200 feet from a residential dwelling not located on the
property, and a minimum of one hundred (100) feet from the right-of-way of all roads. Fencing must be located a
minimum of fifty (50) feet from the right-of-way of all roads.
C. Stormwater Management and Erosion and Sediment Control shall meet the requirements of the MPCA Stormwater
Construction Stormwater Permit requirements.
D. Foundations. The manufacturer’s engineer or another qualified engineer shall certify that the foundation and
design of the solar collectors are within accepted professional standards, given local soil and climate conditions.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 13 -
E. Ground cover. Ground cover shall consist of perennial vegetation and incorporate pollinator friendly species.
F. Other standards and codes. All solar energy systems shall be in compliance with any applicable local, state and federal
regulatory standards, including the State of Minnesota Uniform Building Code, as amended; and the National
Electric Code, as amended.
G. Power and communication lines. Power and communication lines running between the banks of the solar panels
may be placed above ground, provided the lines are placed no higher than top of the solar modules. Power and
communication lines to electric substations or interconnections with buildings shall be buried underground.
Exemptions may be granted by the County Board in the following instances:
1) Where shallow bedrock, water courses, or other elements of the natural landscape interfere with the ability to
bury lines;
2) When required by the utility company;
3) Unless otherwise determined by the County Board.
Standards for Solar Energy Systems, Accessory
Small solar energy systems are a permitted accessory use, subject to the following standards:
A. Height. Active solar energy systems are subject to the following height requirements:
1) Building – or roof-mounted solar energy systems shall not exceed the maximum allowed height in the Shoreland
district.
2) Ground – or pole-mounted solar energy systems shall not exceed fifteen (15) feet in height when oriented at
maximum tilt.
B. Location within Lot. Solar energy systems must meet structure setbacks within the Shoreland district.
1) Roof-mounted Solar Energy Systems. In addition to the building setback, the collector surface and mounting
devices for roof-mounted solar energy systems that are parallel to the roof surface shall not extend beyond the
exterior perimeter of the building on which the system is mounted or built. The collector and racking for roof-
mounted systems that have a greater pitch than the roof surface shall be set back from all roof edges by at
least two (2) feet. Exterior piping for solar hot water systems shall be allowed to extend beyond the perimeter
of the building on a side yard exposure.
2) Ground-mounted Solar Energy Systems. Ground-mounted solar energy systems must meet the same setbacks
as a structure as specified in the Shoreland Management Ordinance and may not extend into the side-yard,
rear, or road right-of-way setback when oriented at minimum design tilt. Ground-mount systems are exempt
from impervious surface standards if the soil under the collector is maintained in vegetation and not
compacted.
3) Large Ground-mounted Solar Energy Systems. Ground-mounted solar energy systems that result in the creation
of one (1) or more acres of impervious surface, must comply with the MPCA Construction Stormwater Permit
requirements.
C. Maximum Coverage
1) Roof or building mounted solar energy systems, excluding building-integrated systems, shall not cover more than
eighty percent (80%) of the south-facing or flat roof upon which the collectors are mounted. The total collector
surface area of pole or ground mount systems shall not exceed one percent (1%) of the lot area.
D. Approved Solar Components. Electric solar system components must have an Underwriters Laboratory (UL) listing
or equivalent.
E. Compliance with other applicable State and Federal Regulatory Standards, including, but not limited to: Uniform
Building Code, and the National Electric Code, as amended.
F. Utility Notification. No grid-intertie photovoltaic system shall be installed until evidence has been given to the Land
& Resource Management department that the owner has notified the utility company of the customer’s intent to
install an interconnected customer-owned generator. Off-grid systems are exempt from this requirement.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 14 -
SECTION 6 GENERAL REGULATIONS
Other Applicable Standards
A. Other Signage — The manufacturer's or owner's company name and/or logo may be placed upon the nacelle,
compartment containing the electrical generator, of the Renewable Energy System.
B. Feeder Lines — All communications and feeder lines, equal to or less than 34.5 kV in capacity, installed as part of a
WECS shall be buried and located within the right-of-way, subject to prior approval of the road authority. Feeder
lines installed as part of a Renewable Energy System shall not be considered an essential service.
C. Waste Disposal — Solid and Hazardous Wastes, including but not limited to crates, packaging materials, damaged or
worn parts, as well as used oils and lubricants, shall be removed from the site promptly and disposed of in
accordance with all applicable Local, State and Federal regulations.
D. .Orderly Development — Upon issuance of a Conditional Use Permit, all Renewable Energy Systems, as defined in
Minnesota Statute 216F, 216C.25, 500.30, or successor statutes, and/or Minnesota Rules 1325.1100, as amended,
if applicable shall notify the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (PUC) Energy Facilities Permitting program staff
of the project location and details on the survey form specified by the PUC.
E. Upon issuance of a conditional use permit, all Renewable Energy Systems shall notify the Environmental Quality Board
Staff of the project location and details on forms specified by the Environmental Quality Board.
F. Noise — All WECS shall comply with Minnesota Rules 7030 governing noise.
G. Electrical Codes and Standards — All Renewable Energy Systems and accessory equipment and facilities shall
comply with the National Electrical Code and other applicable standards.
H. Federal Aviation Administration— All WECS shall comply with FAA standards and permits.
I. Solar Glaze Hazard Analysis Tool. The MnDOT Aeronautics shall complete an analysis of a solar project when said
project is within two (2) miles of an airport using the MnDOT Solar Glaze Hazard Analysis Tool. A copy of the results
shall be submitted to the Land & Resource Management Director.
J. Local Emergency Services Notification. The applicant shall provide a copy of the project summary and site plan to
local emergency services, including paid or volunteer Fire Department(s), that serve the project area. The applicant
shall coordinate with local emergency services to develop and implement an emergency response plan for the
project. A copy of the plan shall be submitted to the Land & Resource Management Director.
SECTION 7 ABANDONMENT AND DECOMMISSIONING
A Renewable Energy System shall be considered a discontinued use after one (1) year without energy production, unless a
plan is developed and submitted to the Land & Resource Management Director outlining steps and schedule for returning
the Renewable Energy System to service.
A. Abandonment and Decommissioning Plan
1) The Plan shall contain:
a. A description of how the project will be disconnected from the grid;
b. A detailed description of how the physical components will be removed, transported off-site, and disposed of.
The description shall include the stepwise process of removal (e.g. how will the blades be removed, what
components need to be broken down on site, what can be salvaged, and what and where will it be landfilled).
c. If any of the land is leased, a description of decommissioning, abandonment, and removal conditions included
in landowner leases (e.g. how is it decided whether roads remain).
d. A statement of the restoration goal and a detailed description of how restoration will be accomplished.
i. All components and accessory facilities shall be physically removed to four (4) feet below ground level.
ii. Disposal of all solid and hazardous waste in accordance with local, state and federal waste disposal
regulations
iii. Stabilization or re-vegetation of the site as necessary to minimize erosion.
e. A detailed estimate of decommissioning costs. This estimate should detail cost assumptions (e.g. number of
days of crane rental, transportation costs, disposal fees, scrap value, etc.) and a timeline for updating the
costs. The estimate shall be prepared by a Professional Engineer, a contractor capable of decommissioning.
The cost estimate for removal shall include an adjustment for inflation over the expected life of the project.
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 15 -
f. For Commercial WECS and Large Solar Energy Systems, a plan decommissioning security, including the type
of instruments being considered, a timeline for funding of the assurance (e.g. twenty-five percent (25%) of
estimated cost in year ten (10), twenty-five percent (25%) in year fifteen (15)), a description of how the
amount of money available will be reconciled with the changing cost estimates, and the proposed beneficiary
of the security. The plan must be reviewed every five (5) years with a copy of the updated plan submitted to
the Otter Tail County Planning Commission. The County Board may require the posting of a bond, letter of
credit, or the establishment of an escrow account to ensure proper decommissioning.
g. The plan shall also address road maintenance during and after completion of the decommissioning in
compliance with this ordinance.
SECTION 8 REPOWERING
All repowering of existing Renewable Energy Systems, whether full or partial, must follow the same permitting procedures
as that of new, according to Section 3 of this ordinance.
SECTION 9 INTERFERENCE
The applicant shall minimize or mitigate interference with electromagnetic communications, such as radio, telephone,
microwaves, or television signals cause by any WECS. The applicant shall notify all communication tower operators within
two miles of the proposed WECS location upon application to the County for permits. No WECS shall be constructed so as
to interfere with County or Minnesota Department of Transportation microwave transmissions.
SECTION 10 AVOIDANCE AND MITIGATION OF DAMAGES TO PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE
Roads
A. The applicant shall identify all County, City or Township roads to be used for the purpose of transporting Renewable
Energy System components, such as but not limited to, WECS, substation parts, materials, and/or equipment for
construction, operation or maintenance of the Renewable Energy System and obtain applicable weight and size
permits from the impacted road authority(ies) prior to construction.
B. Contact the road authority for road closures, road signage removals, road signage relocating, road signage restoring,
moving permits, culverts, access/driveway permits, tile outlet permits, widening road intersections, standard utility
permits and any other road activities that may require permits.
C. Contact Otter Tail County Dispatch prior to any road closures for the re-routing of emergency vehicles during the
closure.
D. Contact the road authority to conduct an inspection of the road conditions of the haul routes on or prior to pre-
construction meeting and after construction.
E. Provide a performance bond to be held by Otter Tail County until the Township and/or County road authoriy(ies)
have provided the Otter Tail County Auditor with a written release that all haul routes within their jurisdiction in
Otter Tail County have been returned to pre-construction condition.
F. Drainage System — The applicant shall be responsible for immediate repair of damage to public drainage systems
stemming from construction, operation or maintenance or decommissioning of the Renewable Energy System.
SECTION 11 PRE-CONSTRUCTION MEETING
The applicant for a renewable energy system requiring a conditional use permit will conduct a pre-construction meeting
prior to construction commencement with a written notice sent to the following individuals a minimum of one week prior
to said meeting:
A. Township Chairman
B. Otter Tail County Highway Engineer
C. Otter Tail County Ditch Inspector
D. Otter Tail County Sheriff
E. Otter Tail County Land & Resource Management Director
F. Area Hydrologist, Mn Department of Natural Resources
G. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Renewable Energy Ordinance of Otter Tail County Effective December 1, 2021
- 16 -
H. United States Farm Agency
I. West Otter Tail County SWCD
J. East Otter Tail County SWCD
K. Minnesota State Historical Society
L. Otter Tail County Planning Commission Chair
M. Mn Department of Transportation
SECTION 12 ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
A. If the Renewable Energy System consists of some form of energy storage, adequate design must be provided to
ensure all local, state and federal requirements regulating energy storage are met.
B. All energy storage structures must meet the required structure setbacks.
SECTION 13 ENFORCEMENT, VIOLATIONS, REMEDIES AND PENALTIES
The Land and Resource Management Administrator is responsible for the administration and enforcement of this
Ordinance. Any violation of the provisions of this ordinance or failure to comply with any of its requirements shall constitute
a misdemeanor and shall be punishable as defined by law. Each 24 hour day that a violation continues shall constitute a
separate offense.
In the event of a violation or a threatened violation of this Ordinance, the County Board and/or the Administrative Officer,
in the addition to other remedies may institute appropriate actions or proceedings to prevent, restrain, correct or abate
such violations or threatened violations, and it shall be the duty of the County Attorney to institute such action. This will
include, but not be limited to, actions for injunctive relief before a court of competent jurisdiction.
SECTION 14 FEES
Fees for permits and conditional use permits required for a renewable energy system shall be set forth by the Otter Tail
County Board of Commissioners.
SECTION 15 REPEAL
Otter Tail County Wind Energy Conversion System Ordinance, as adopted by the Otter Tail Board of Commissioners on
February 15, 2011, is hereby repealed and replaced with this Ordinance.
SECTION 16 EFFECTIVE DATE
The regulations contained in this Ordinance shall become effective upon passage by the County Board and publication
according to law.
Passed by the Otter Tail County Board of Commissioners on November 23, 2021 with an effective date of December 1,
2021.